Theory book category B - Section 2.1-2.10

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Passenger car
Driving school
theory book
for category B

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Sections 2.1 - 2.10: Maneuvers in an enclosed practice area

Sections 2.1 - 2.10: Maneuvers in an enclosed practice area

Here's what you can look forward to...

The idea of learning in a closed practice area is to familiarize you with the car before you go out on the road.

This part of the driver training is practical, and it's on the training ground that you'll learn the most. The purpose of this section is to prepare you for what your instructor will teach you. You can therefore use this section as preparation, but there may be opportunities for additional exercises and changes when you arrive at the driving range, but your instructor will be fully aware of this.

Before you start the car

The on-the-job training is designed to teach you some very basic driving skills.

There are several things you should always do before starting your car. For your own safety and the safety of others. The more experienced you become, the easier and more natural this car check will become. Make sure all windows, mirrors and lenses are clean. Check that there are no loose items in the car. This includes on and under the seats, as well as on the dashboard and the shelf in the rear window. It can be disastrous if a bottle under the seat or in the floor of the car rolls under the brake pedal.

Adjust the driver's seat so you're comfortable and can easily operate the clutch, brakes, accelerator, steering wheel and read instruments.

Be aware that some types of footwear are actually unsuitable for use when driving a car. They can make it difficult to operate the pedals and thus endanger yourself and others.

Always be aware of your car's blind spots

The first time you drive your car, you should check where its blind spots are.
Blind spots are caused by window frames and bodywork. That's why all cars have blind spots at a forward and rearward angle. But the sizes of the blind spots vary depending on the type of car. What they all have in common is that they are dangerous because they can hide a pedestrian, a cyclist and even a car from a longer distance. Therefore, you should always be aware of blind spots and check them when turning your head.

Adjust mirrors so you have a good view without having to move too much. Fasten your seatbelt and adjust the headrest. If it's your first time driving, try unfastening your seatbelt so you can quickly get out of it if necessary.

The training on the training ground should also make you confident in operation:

Door closing and locking hardware.
The clutch, accelerator and brake pedal.
The gear lever and parking brake lever.
Switches for various lights, windshield wiper and washer, fan, electric rear window, sun visor, etc.

Now you're ready to start your car. Have a great time!

Checklist.

The following list shows you which exercises your instructor should teach you in the closed practice area. There are ten exercises in total. As a rule of thumb, you have achieved confidence in each exercise when you can perform it flawlessly twice in a row.

The exercises should be completed at a slow speed. They become progressively more difficult, so it is most natural if you learn them in this order:

1. and 2. starting and stopping

You need to learn how to:

Starting the engine. This means you need to know how the steering wheel lock, ignition switch and possibly the starter motor work. You must be able to keep the engine idling and restart it if it stalls shift from neutral to 1st gear with the engine running look for possible obstacles ahead, to the sides and to the rear be aware of blind spots and check them by turning your head release the parking brake start softly and drive slowly forward brake softly to a stop while disengaging the clutch. Then shift into neutral. If conditions allow, you should also learn how to accelerate on an inclined road.

3. Here you need to drive 8s

You need to learn how to hold the steering wheel correctly while driving. When driving straight ahead, keep your thumbs on the inside of the steering wheel. Your hands are positioned so that they correspond to "quarter to three" on a clock face.

You must also drive forward in 1st gear in a large figure 8. When turning sharply, keep your hands on the steering wheel until they are vertically opposite each other. Then move your bottom hand to the top of the steering wheel so that your arms are crossed. At the same time, move your other hand back to the starting position. If you need to turn even more sharply, simply repeat the maneuver.

4. Forwards and backwards - with target braking

You need to learn to judge the length of the car. You do this by driving forward and braking at a marker.
You must stop so precisely that the bumper just touches the cone without knocking it over. The same exercise is done when driving backwards, with orientation through the rear window and your left hand on top of the steering wheel rim.

5. Reverse - with oscillation

You need to learn how to reverse and turn at the same time. You need to become confident:

Drive approximately 20-30 meters straight backwards. You need to keep a steady speed while staying oriented through the rear window.
Turning backwards, both left and right. You turn around a marker and stay oriented through the side windows.
Quickly straighten up after turning a corner so that you are going straight again. During the exercises you should also use mirrors.

6. Forward and reverse slalom

Here you need to get even better at steering and regulating speed at the same time.
This is done by driving both forwards and backwards slalom between 5-6 cones about 10 meters apart. You must be able to complete the maneuver without stopping and without knocking over cones.
Reverse slalom must be performed both by orientation through rear and side windows alone and by using mirrors in combination with head turning.

7. Parking on a roadside

You need to learn to judge the width of the car. You can do this by practicing forward parking at a marked curb on the right side of the road.
There should be plenty of room to maneuver for this exercise at first. Later, repeat the exercise with less space and with the right pair of wheels no more than 20 cm from the edge of the road.
The car must be parked parallel to the edge of the road. The exercises must be performed both by orientation through the front and side windows alone and by using mirrors in combination with head turning.

8. Driving in 2nd gear, right turn and possible hard braking without wheel lock

Here you need to learn how to coordinate several things at once. You need to become confident in the following exercises:

From standing still, accelerate quickly up to 20-25 km/h and shift from 1st to 2nd gear
Staying on course and on speed
In 2nd gear, turn right around marked, sharp street corners. First close to the edge of the road and later with the rear wheel 20-30 cm from the edge of the road throughout the turn
Braking in the shortest possible distance at the highest possible and safe speed without locking the wheels.

9. Vending

Here you will learn how to make a U-turn.
It must be performed on a wide, marked lane. You must also turn when driving both forwards and backwards on a wide, marked lane.
Later, repeat the exercise on a narrow, marked lane. This is called a three-point turn.

10. parking in stalls

Here you will learn how to park both forward and reverse. There are two maneuvers:

For both forward and reverse entry, you must park in a marked parking stall that is perpendicular to the direction of travel. The car must be parked roughly in the center of the stall.

When reversing into a curb, you must park in a marked "parking pocket". The right pair of wheels must be no more than 30 cm from the edge of the road. The exercises must be completed both by orientation through front/rear and side windows alone and by using mirrors in combination with head turning.